Carbureter.



V and State of Pennsylvania,

' parts 1 drawing.

RALPH SHIPMAN, 0F SUNBURY, PENNSYLVANIA.

CABBUBETEB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 1'7, 19,17.

Application led I uly 22, 1911. Serial No. 640,082.

To all whom tmay concern:

lle it Aknownthat I, RALPH SHIPMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Sunbury, in the county of Northumberland certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters,fof which` the following is a. specifica-tion.

This invention relates to improvements in carhureters for explosive engines whereby the complete vapor-ization of the liquid fuel is insured and whereby the proportions of liquid fuel to air and the quantity of gaseous mixture may be. automatically controlled Aaccording to the demands of the engine. The `construction and operation of the inventionw llbe clear from the following description, taken in connection with 'the accompanying drawing, in which,-l

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the carbureter taken on the line 1-l-1 of Fig. 4:; Fig. 2 is atop plan view of the same with tho upper portionoi' the casing removed;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view, taken through the atoinizer,

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, the ilo-at being omitted, and,

Fig. 5 is a detail view showing a modified form of baille.

Referring to the drawing, A indicates the casing of the carbureter, comprising the and 2, secured together by screws m, and 4 indicates an air inlet pipe detachably secured to the part 2. The part 1 is suited for attachment to the intake pipe of a hydrocarbon engine and a throttle valve 5, of the butterfly type, is arranged in the part 1,` upon a rod 6, to which is secured a lever 7, by means of which the position. of the throttle valve may be controlled. yWithin the part 1`, below the throttle valve, is also arranged an inclined baille 8, preferably oi wire gauze,l and corrugated, as shown in the This wire gauze extends nearly or quite across the interior of the part 1 and beneath its upper end a pocket 9 is arranged in the casing for a purpose hereinafter eX- plained. The part 1 communicates with the upper part 2 through an opening 3 in the lower end of the part 1 and the baffle 8 pro-` jects over this opening.

, The part 2 of the casing has an air passageway a extending vertically through it, said passageway connecting at its upper end with the interior of the part 1, and at its lower end with the air inlet pipe f1. Within have invented this passageway is arranged a draft-controlled valve 12, which is mounted upon a rocker 13, the latter, in turn, being pivoted upon a transverse rod 14:. This valve is normally held in an inclined position by a spring 15, the connections of which are here inafter described, and the upper portion of the valve rests against a partition which forms. a stop for the valve. arrangaxtient the greater portion of the passageway a is normally closed by the valve, which extends diagonally across the passageway to said stop or partition, as shown in full lines in Fig. 1 of the drawing. The valve 12 does not, however, cut olf the entire air supply, when closed, as an auxiliary air passageway a is provided through which a current of air may fiow past the atomizer B. As shown in the drawing, this auxiliary passageway is formed `by the partition 16 and `the curvedwall' or partition 17 which extends through the part 2 and forms one wall ot' the fuel reservoir 1() as well as a wall of the air conduit or passageway. This wall 17 has an opening 18 through which the liquidfuel may flow from the reservoir into a vertically arranged fuel nozzle b which latter nozzle is surrounded by an air nozzle L', the latter being arranged to slide upon the lower part of the nozzle D. As shown in the drawing, the upper portion of the fuel nozzle is of smaller diameter than the base, in order to provide an air passageway between the two nozzles, and small perforations 19 are arranged in the air nozzle b below the top of the fuel nozzle. The air nozzle extends a short distance above the end of theA fuel nozzle and the upper end of the air nozzle is contracted, as shown at 19, so that its internal diameter, at the outlet opening 19", is less than elsewhere. Secured to the part 1, above the cally adjustable pin 20 which projects slightly into the opening in the upper end of the air nozzle and thispin tapers upwardly, as `shown in Fig. 3. The air nozzle is movablemvertically relatively to the fuel nozzle and to this tapering pin, and it will be seen that if the air nozzle is moved its full distance upwardly, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, the area of the opening 19b between the tip of the air nozzle and the pin 20 will be larger than when the air nozzle is in its normal position. This is not true of the initial movement of the nozzle b as, for reasons hereinafter stated, the pin 20` is so plate 16 4. By this atomizer, is a verti- I formed at its lower end and so related to the I 12 that when the latter opens, owing to the suction of the engine, it will lift the nozzle b', and when the draft through the carbureter is so slight that the valve 12 will not' lift, the nozzle b will remain in normal position. In order to accomplish this automatic movement of the nozzle, thelatter is connected by links 22, to a cro bar 23,

. which rests in notches 24 in a forked arm 13l of the rocker 13, andthis cross piece 23 is connected by a spring 15 to a bracket 26, secured to the casing. The spring 15 holds the cross piece 23 against the bottom of the notches in the rocker, preventing lost motion between the links and the rocker, and

the spring also holds the valve Y12 normally in closed position.

A needle valve 27 is provided for controlling the flow of gasolene from the reservoir t0 the fuel nozzle b and a float 28 is arranged 1n the reservoir and provided with arms 29 which are pivoted upon pins 30. To one of these arms is secured a valve rod 3l having at its end a valve 32 arranged within a tubular fitting 33 through which the liquid fuel may flow from a fitting 34 connected to the source of supply. The float and its connected valve operate in the usual way to maintain the fuel in the reservoir at a prac tically constant level.

The air pipe 4, as shown in the drawing, is connected to the lower end of the carbureter casing by a bolt 35 suspended from a cross rod 36 which passes through-the air f conduit or passageway of the casing. The

inlet pipe may be turned about the bolt 35, as an axis, so as to take any desired position relatively to the carbureter casing, and it is clamped tothe casing by means of a nut 37 upon the bolt. v

The operation of the carbureter is as follows: When the throttle valve 5 is only open slightly, the draft through the carbureter is, 'of course, slight and under such conditions the ring 15 holds the main air valve 12 cl The air passing through the carbureter musi; then flow through the auxiliary air pasageway a and upwardly around the atomizer B, thence to the space between the atomizer' and -the throttle valve, 'which is the mixing chamber of the device. The air flowing around the sides of the air nozzle b', and also through the perforations 19 and openin 19", wlll cause a suilcient amount of the 'quid fuel to iow from the nozzle b to saturate the air and Yoperate the engine. If the partition 16 were omitted, the valve 12 would cause the air current to flow around v16 so as to provide a restricted air passageway a' around and below the atomizer 'through' which the air flows at sullicient speed to support and vaporize any drops or bubbles falling from the vaporizer. The

mixture passes from the atomizer through the opening 3 and against the baille 8 and any drops or bubbles which are not vaporized, or broken on the baille 8,'will drop into the pocket 9. The liquid accumulating in the pocket 9 will slowly vaporize during the operation of the engine.

When the throttle valve 5 is opened-tov cause the engine to take a greater supply vof mixture, the increased suction of the engine causes the valve 12 to open partl or to the full extent, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and this opening movement of the valve 12 causes the air nozzle to move upwardly, as indicated in dotted lines, the area of the opening 19" being thus enlargedA to permit a greater quantity of liquid fuel to flow outl and combine with` the greater volume of air flowing through the conduit. Thus it will be seen that by properly proportioning the pin 20 and the relative movement of the parts, the quality and volume of the mixture best .adapted for the demands of the en-` -gine may be automatically maintained.

If the draft` controlled valve 12 is closed and the engine is working with the throttle valve only slightly open, and the latter is then thrown Wide open, a strong draft is created through the carbureter. Owing to the inertia of the valve 12 and the parts connected therewith a certain amount of time is required for the valve to move from its closed to its open positionfand during this time the increased suction would cause the fuel to spurt from the nozzle b in excess of the amount required for the volume of air flowing duringthe interval while the valve 12.is opening. To prevent this excess flow of gasolene while the inertia of the valve, and its connected parts, being overcome y the lower end 20* of the pinis so formed and related to the opening 19" that during the initial upward movement of the air nozzle b the area of the opening 19" will not be increased, or the be so formed and related as to cause the area Y of the opening to be slightly decreased during this initial movement; but as hominbefore stated, when'the valve 12 opens further the area of the opening 19h is increased by reason of the form and relation' of the pin and the circumference of the opening.

pin and saidopemng may d The form and relation of the pin and the tapered portions, and a draft-controlled 45. opening in the air nozzle will vary somevalve adapted to move said pin and air what according to the cylinder dimensions of nozzle relatively to one another to cause the the particular engine to which the carbureter pin to enter the vent.

may beapplied and they may also be varied 4. 'In a carbureter for explosive engines,

- to vary the proportions of mixture required a casing having an air passageway extend. 5o under different working conditions. I do ing vertically therein, air and fuel nozzles not therefore restrict myself to any exact arranged vertically in said passageway, said form of pin or nozzle. i .air nozzle surrounding the fuel nozzle and The corrugated baille in the cai'bureti'ng having an air inlet below the vent of the fuel chamber may be made as indicated in Fig. nozzle and a vent above the top of the latter 55. 5, wherein 8a 'indicates a fabric of wirel nozzle, a draft-actuated valve, and means gauze, having the upper bends 8b clogged or co-acting therewith for first damping and filled with solder so as to prevent the mixthen increasing the flow of fluid through the ture from flowing directly through and cause air nozzle as the valve moves from closed to it to take a tortuous course through the sides open position. so of the folds. 5. In a carbureter f or explosive engines, What I claim is a casing having an air Apassageway there- 1. In a carburetor for explosive engines, through, vertically arranged air and fuel 2o a casinghaving an air passageway therenozzles in said passageway, said air nozzles through, a fuel nozzle therein, a draft opsurrounding the fuel nozzle and said air 65 erated valve and means controlled thereby nozzle having a vent in its upper end, a for first damping and then increasing the stationary pin in line with said vent, and a flow of air past the end of the nozzle as the draft-controlled valve connected to said air valve moves from its closed to its open posinozzle and adapted to move the same longition. 4 tudinally of the pin, said pin being formed 70 2. In a` carbureter for explosive engines, so as to first decrease and then increase the a casing having an air passageway theresize of the veut as the valve moves from its through, fuel and air nozzle s in said pas- ClOSed to its Open pOSltlOIl.

sageway, the air nozzle surrounding the 6. In a ca'i'bili'etei for explosive engines,

fuel noz'zle and having avent, a pin of 085mg hilfvmg a H Xlng Chamber 1D lts 1111-' .75 varying cross-sectional area 'in line with said per portion and havinga main passageway vent, and a draft-controlled valve adapted and -an auxiliary vertically arranged air to move saidair nozzle and pin relatively passageway leadingto said chamber, and

to' one another, said pin being formed so as al1- atoimzer comprising a fuel nozzle .and a to first decrease and then increase the size surrounding air nozzle 'arranged in the up- 8o of the vent as the valve moves from its closed pei' part of said auxiliary air passageway to its open position. ad1acent the mixing chamber. L

3. In a carb'ureter for explosive engines, In testimony whereof I ailrx my signature,

40 a casing having an air passageway there- 1n presence of two witnesses through, fuel and airnozzles in said pas- RALPH .SHIPMAN. sageway, the air nozzles surrounding the Witnesses: fuel nozzle and having a vent, a piu in line Roiiirr WATSON, with said vent, said pin having oppositely NEWTON I. WrLus.

I@ is hereby niqdm'm `wma-rmnn No. 13224588, @am April 11,

19`17 upon he ,application o Ralph Shpinnp, of Sunbnl'y, Pennsylvania, fm sn xlnp'oament in Gag-Burnham, an errnr in tno apecimtnn Qrrection as follows: Page 3, lima .42,lnm 3,l fonthe work nozzl" read ma ammo. ad wm mm 1mm i mwah ma mmm um the same may onform the of th'ofma tha Patent Oda.

signal and um :his m ..y of mj, LD., 1911. l l' i i RSF. WITEHEAJ),

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